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Chromosome 18p tetrasomy is a chromosomal disorder that affects many parts of the body. It occurs when the short arm of chromosome 18 (18p) appears four times (tetrasomy) rather than the normal two times in cells of the body.[1047][1048] The symptoms of chromosomy 18p tetrasomy vary from case to case but may include abnormalities of the head and face (craniofacial) area, malformations of the spine, hands, and/or feet, neuromuscular abnormalities, kidney malformations, intellectual disability, speech delays, and behavioral abnormalities. In most cases, chromosome 18p tetrasomy is the result of a spontaneous (de novo) genetic change (mutation) early in fetal development during pregnancy. Although there is no specific treatment or cure for chromosome 18p tetrasomy, there are ways to manage the symptoms. A team of doctors or specialists is often needed to figure out the treatment options for each person.[1047][11914]
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