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Cystinuria is an inherited condition characterized by a buildup of the amino acid, cystine, in the kidneys and bladder. This leads to the formation of cystine crystals and/or stones which may block the urinary tract. Signs and symptoms of the condition are related to the presence of stones and may include nausea, hematuria, flank pain, and/or frequent urinary tract infections. Cystinuria is caused by changes (mutations) in the SLC3A1 and SLC7A9 genes and is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner. The goal of treatment is to relieve symptoms and prevent the formation of stones.[8882][8883][8885]
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