Familiar or sporadic hemiplegic migraine

Disease Overview

Familial or sporadic hemiplegic migraine refers to a rare type of migraine with aura that occurs with motor weakness during the aura. The two types of hemiplegic migraine (HM) are distinguished based on the family history: familial hemiplegic migraine (FHM, in which at least one other family member has the condition) and sporadic hemiplegic migraine (SHM, in which there is no family history).[7883] Signs and symptoms vary but may include visual disturbances, sensory loss, difficulty with speech, weakness on one side of the body, confusion, and impaired consciousness.[3603] Severe attacks may occur in both types with prolonged hemiplegia, coma, fever and/or seizures.[7883] FHM may be caused by a mutation in any of several genes and is inherited in an autosomal dominant manner.[7883][3603]