Guillain-Barre syndrome

Disease Overview

Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is a rare syndrome in which the body’s immune system attacks part of the peripheral nervous system. The peripheral nervous system carries signals from the brain to the muscles. Symptoms of GBS include muscle weakness, numbness, and tingling sensations, which can increase in intensity until the muscles cannot be used at all (paralysis).[1748]

The exact cause of Guillain-Barré syndrome is unknown. In most cases, GBS occurs a few days or weeks after symptoms of a viral infection. In rare cases, GBS may run in families.[1747] A diagnosis of GBS is suspected when a person has symptoms suggestive of the syndrome. A variety of tests, including a spinal tap, may be completed to confirm the diagnosis. Treatment options may include plasma exchange (plasmapheresis) and immunoglobulin therapy.[1748][5590]

Synonyms

• Guillain-Barré syndrome
• Guillain-Barré-Strohl syndrome
• Acute autoimmune peripheral neuropathy
• GBS
• Acute immune-mediated polyneuropathy
• Acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy
• Acute inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy
• Acute inflammatory neuropathy
• Acute inflammatory polyneuropathy
• Landry-Guillain-Barre-Strohl syndrome
• Landry's ascending paralysis
• Post-infective polyneuritis