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Renal medullary carcinoma is a rare kidney cancer that mostly affects young people with African ancestry.[12678] The tumor develops in the medulla of the kidney. The first sign is often blood in the urine (hematuria). Patients may also develop flank pain or feel a lump in the abdomen that is usually on the right side of the body. Having sickle cell trait is a risk factor for developing renal medullary carcinoma. Treatment options include surgery to take out part or all of the kidney (radical nephrectomy), chemotherapy, and palliative radiation therapy. In most cases, the disease is advanced when the diagnosis is made and has spread to other parts of the body (metastasis).[12679][12680]
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