Triosephosphate isomerase deficiency

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Disease Overview

Triosephosphate isomerase (TPI) deficiency is a severe disorder characterized by a shortage of red blood cells (hemolytic anemia), neurological problems, infections, and muscle weakness that can affect breathing and heart function.[12525][12527] TPI deficiency is the most severe form of a group of diseases known as glycolytic enzymopathies, which are rare genetic diseases that lead to the degeneration of the red blood cells.[12526]  Signs and symptoms include anemia, fatigue, pallor, yellowing of the skin and the white of the eyes (jaundice), and shortness of breath. Other symptoms are muscle weakness and wasting (atrophy), movement problems (such as involuntary muscle contractions (dystonia), tremors and weak muscle tone), seizures, cardiomyopathy, and diaphragm weakness which may cause breathing problems and lead to respiratory failure.[12525] The disease is caused by mutations in the TPI1 gene. Inheritance is autosomal recessive. Treatment is directed toward the specific symptoms that are present in each person.[12528] 


Synonyms

  • Triose phosphate-isomerase deficiency
  • TPI deficiency

For more information, visit GARD.

National Organization for Rare Disorders