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Home / Rare Disease Video Library / Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura

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Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura - Video


Overview

La púrpura trombótica trombocitopénica (PTT) es una enfermedad sanguínea rara y grave.

Los principales síntomas pueden incluir una disminución severa en el número de plaquetas en la sangre (trombocitopenia), la destrucción anormal de glóbulos rojos (anemia hemolítica) y alteraciones en el sistema nervioso, el corazón y otros órganos debido a la formación de pequeños coágulos en las arterias más pequeñas. La causa exacta de la PTT es desconocida.

Existe una forma adquirida/autoinmune de la enfermedad, llamada purpura trombótica trombocitopénica inmunomediada y una forma congénita o hereditaria de la enfermedad (cPTT). La PTT hereditaria es causada por cambios (variantes o mutaciones) en el gen ADAMTS13 que hacen que la enzima no funcione bien. La herencia es autosómica recesiva.

La púrpura trombótica trombocitopénica (PTT) ocurre cuando el cuerpo no tiene suficiente cantidad de una enzima llamada ADAMTS13, que ayuda a controlar la coagulación de la sangre. Si hay muy poca ADAMTS13, el cuerpo forma demasiados coágulos en los vasos sanguíneos pequeños, lo que puede causar problemas de salud.

En la PTT adquirida la persona nace con un gen ADAMTS13 normal, pero su cuerpo desarrolla anticuerpos (defensas) que bloquean la función de la enzima. Esto puede ocurrir por otra enfermedad o condición médica.

Ambos tipos de PTT pueden causar síntomas graves, pero existen tratamientos para ayudar a controlar la enfermedad.

Synonyms

  • Púrpura trombocitopénica trombótica
  • Anemia hemolítica microangiopática
  • PTT

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