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An invasive squamous cell carcinoma arising from the vulva. Risk factors include the human papilloma virus and cigarette smoking. Precursor lesions include the vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia, lichen sclerosus with associated squamous cell hyperplasia, and chronic granulomatous vulvar disease such as granuloma inguinale. Symptoms include vulvar pruritus or irritation, discharge, bleeding, and pain. The following morphologic variants have been identified: keratinizing, non-keratinizing, basaloid, warty, verrucous, keratoacanthoma-like, and squamous cell carcinoma with tumor giant cells. Risk factors for recurrence include advanced stage, tumor diameter greater than 2.5 cm, multifocality, capillary-like space involvement, associated vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia grades 2 or 3, and margins of resection involved by tumor. (WHO, 2003)
The Genetic and Rare Diseases Information Center (GARD) has information and resources for patients, caregivers, and families that may be helpful before and after diagnosis of this condition. GARD is a program of the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), part of the National Institutes of Health (NIH).
View reportOrphanet has a summary about this condition that may include information on the diagnosis, care, and treatment as well as other resources. Some of the information and resources are available in languages other than English. The summary may include medical terms, so we encourage you to share and discuss this information with your doctor. Orphanet is the French National Institute for Health and Medical Research and the Health Programme of the European Union.
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