Common variable immunodeficiency

Disease Overview

Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is a group of disorders characterized by low levels of a type of protein known as immunoglobulins (Ig). Because of low level of Ig, the immune system cannot make antibodies that fight bacteria, viruses or other toxins in the body.[7671] This leads to frequent infections, particularly in the sinuses, lungs, and digestive tract.[15375][15377] Symptoms most commonly begin in early adulthood but can occur at any age. While in most cases the cause of CVID is unknown, a genetic change has been found in about one-third of cases.[15376] This condition is diagnosed based on the symptoms, specific laboratory testings, and exclusion of other disorders. Treatment for CVID includes Ig replacement therapy, which stops the cycle of recurrent infections.[15375][15377] The long term outlook for people with CVID varies depending on the severity of the symptoms and any underlying conditions.[15375]

Synonyms

• Common variable immune deficiency
• CVID
• Common variable hypogamma-globulinemia
• Hypogamma-globulinemia, acquired
• Immunoglobulin deficiency, late-onset
• Idiopathic immunoglobulin deficiency
• Primary antibody deficiency
• Primary hypogammaglobulinemia