Warm antibody hemolytic anemia

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Disease Overview

Warm antibody hemolytic anemia is the most common form of autoimmune hemolytic anemia. It is defined by the presence of  autoantibodies that attach to and destroy red blood cells at temperatures equal to or greater than normal body temperature.[5704][5706] The disease is characterized by symptoms related to anemia, including fatigue, difficulty breathing, jaundice and dark urine. In severe disease, fever, chest pain, syncope or heart failure may occur. Hemolysis (the breakdown of red blood cells) occurs mainly in the spleen, so mild splenomegaly is relatively common. Treatment typically involves a corticosteroid like prednisone. In cases that don’t respond to treatment, splenectomy may be considered. Chronic and severe disease may be treated with Rituximab or immunosuppressive medications. [5706] 


Synonyms

  • Warm-reacting-antibody hemolytic anemia
  • Warm antibody autoimmune hemolytic anemia
  • Warm antibody AIHA

For more information, visit GARD.

National Organization for Rare Disorders