The information provided on this page is for informational purposes only. The National Organization for Rare Disorders (NORD) does not endorse the information presented. The content has been gathered in partnership with the MONDO Disease Ontology. Please consult with a healthcare professional for medical advice and treatment.
Connect & DownloadCongenital high airway obstruction syndrome (CHAOS) is a rare, often fatal fetal condition caused by a complete or nearly complete blockage of the upper airway, most commonly due to laryngeal atresia or stenosis. If not detected before birth, it typically results in stillbirth or early neonatal death. Advances in prenatal imaging have improved in utero diagnosis, with typical ultrasound findings including enlarged echogenic lungs, diaphragmatic abnormalities, and a fluid-filled tracheobronchial tree. Additional signs may include fetal ascites and nonimmune hydrops. Early and accurate diagnosis is critical, as procedures like the ex utero intrapartum treatment (EXIT) now offer potential for survival.
Orphanet has a summary about this condition that may include information on the diagnosis, care, and treatment as well as other resources. Some of the information and resources are available in languages other than English. The summary may include medical terms, so we encourage you to share and discuss this information with your doctor. Orphanet is the French National Institute for Health and Medical Research and the Health Programme of the European Union.
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